Sociological Study of Working Conditions of Migrant Tribal Workers at the Place of Migration

Abstract

The process of migration in India has been dynamic for a long time to get some business or employment and this process is still visible in the rural tribal community. To stop this mobility of migration, the central and state government has implemented government schemes like Pradhan Mantri Sadak Yojana, Swarn Gram Swarozgar Yojana under MNREGA, but then its effect is not visible in the economic development of rural tribal people. Most of the people residing in rural tribal communities are unable to take advantage of government schemes due to being illiterate. The main reason for migration is due to lack of employment and income resources at their native place and reduction in agricultural income; they are migrating in search of employment towards other places or urban areas. Considering the process of migration from rural tribal families, the researcher has selected Alirajpur district for his research study, the family from which the members of migrant laborers are going or leaving. In this way, 300 tribal households working as migrant laborers from rural tribal families have been selected by purposeful sampling method, in which it was found that 14.3 percent of the respondents said that due to non-availability of accommodation by the contractor, they were found living on rent. 53.7 percent of the respondents say that for living at the place of migration, arrangements are made by the contractor for kutcha buildings and huts, which have water, firewood facilities and 32.0% of the respondents say that the facilities of living are not provided by the contractor at the place of migration, due to which they are getting livelihood. In order to get bread and daily wages, they are living their life deprived of basic facilities like electricity, water, wood and toilets by building their own huts in the form of slums on the roadsides in the cities and elsewhere on the sea shores.  Migrant workers working in the unorganized sector are being deprived of labor laws and migrant inter-state acts at the place of migration.